REOS Reverse Osmosis (RO) system effectively remove dissolved salts, colloidal, and suspended matter from the most challenging waste and feed water applications. It is typically used as a final process after ultrafiltration or chemical treatment of incoming water, process water, or industrial wastewater for reuse and/or discharging as per local Pollution control norms. .REOS Reverse Osmosis system Aare fully pre-assembled, pre tested and arrive at your site in fully ready condition.
Osmosis
Osmosis is a natural process involving the fluid flow of across a semi-permeable membrane barrier. Consider a tank of pure water with a semi-permeable membrane dividing it into two sides. Pure water in contact with both sides of an ideal semi-permeable membrane at equal pressure and temperature has no net flow across the membrane because the chemical potential is equal on both sides. (Below figure shows the Principal of osmosis & Reverse osmosis)
Reverse osmosis
As mentioned in osmosis, the water moves to the salty side of the membrane until equilibrium is achieved. Application of an external pressure to the salt solution side equal to the osmotic pressure will also cause equilibrium. Additional pressure will raise the chemical potential of the water in the salt solution and cause a solvent flow to the pure water side, because it now has a lower chemical potential. This phenomenon is called reverse osmosis
Semi-permeable
Semi-permeable refers to a membrane that selectively allows certain species to pass through it while retaining others. In actuality, many species will pass through the membrane, but at significantly different rates. In RO, the solvent (water) passes through the membrane at a much faster rate than the dissolved solids (salts). The net effect is that a solute-solvent separation occurs, with pure water being the product. (In some cases, dewatering is desired to concentrate the salts).
Reverse Osmosis membrane
Reverse Osmosis (RO) uses a specialized membrane material shown in above figure that is selective about what it allows to pass through, and what it prevents from passing. The RO membranes pass water very easily because water has a small molecular size, but membranes stop many other contaminants from passing through. Only water and small non-ionized (or non-charged) molecules are allowed to pass through.
Spiral-wound modules were developed to remove dissolved solids, and are most often associated RO processes. The basic unit is a sandwich of flat membrane sheets called a “leaf”wound around a central perforated tube. One leaf consists of two membrane sheets placed back to back and separated by a spacer called permeate carrier. Layers of the leaf are glued along three edges, while the unglued edge is sealed around the perforated central tube. Feed water enters the spacer channels at the end of the spiral-wound element in a path parallel tothe central tube. As feed water flows through the spacers, a portion permeates through either of the two surrounding membrane layers and into the permeate carrier, leaving behind anydissolved and particulate contaminates that are rejected by the membrane. Filtered water in the permeate carrier travels spirally inward toward the central collector tube,while water in the feed spacer that does not permeate through the membrane continues to flowacross the membrane surface, becoming increasingly concentrated with rejected contaminates.This concentrate stream exits the element parallel to the central tube through the opposite endfrom which the feed water entered.
Features and Benefits